What is a mismatched URL?

A mismatched URL occurs when the visible link text in a message (like an email or a web page) doesn't match the hyperlink destination. Phishers use this technique to deceive users into thinking they're clicking on a legitimate link while directed to a malicious website.

Heidi Cox

10/17/20232 min read

person using MacBook Pro
person using MacBook Pro

A mismatched URL occurs when the visible link text in a message (like an email or a web page) doesn't match the hyperlink destination. Phishers use this technique to deceive users into thinking they're clicking on a legitimate link while directed to a malicious website.

Examples:

Visible Link vs. Actual Link:

  • Visible Text: www.yourbank.com

  • Actual Hyperlink: www.yourb4nk.com

  • in this example, the number "4" replaces the letter "a." The link looks legitimate at a glance, but it directs to a different, potentially malicious site.

  • Using Subdomains to Deceive:

How to Detect a Mismatched URL:

  1. Hover Over the Link: Before clicking on any link, hover your mouse pointer over it. Most browsers and email clients will display the URL destination in the status bar or as a tooltip. This allows you to see where the link goes.

  2. Check for Subtle Differences: Many phishers use URLs with slight, easy-to-miss misspellings or substitutions. Always double-check URLs for any anomalies.

  3. Check the Protocol: Ensure the link starts with "https://" (the "s" stands for secure) rather than just "http://." The presence of "https://" doesn't guarantee a site's legitimacy. Still, it does indicate that the site encrypts data, offering a layer of protection.

  4. Manually Type URLs: When in doubt, manually type the URL into your browser's address bar rather than clicking the link. This ensures you're going to a legitimate site, not a malicious one.

Why Phishers Use Mismatched URLs:

  1. To Deceive Users: The main goal is deception. Users who believe they're on a trusted site are more likely to provide sensitive information.

  2. To Bypass Security Measures: Some security tools check for known malicious URLs. Phishers can evade these measures by creating a new, slightly altered URL.

  3. To Create Urgency: Phishing attempts often contain urgent messages, prompting quick action. When users act hastily, they're less likely to notice the mismatch.

Mismatched URLs are a classic trick in the phisher's playbook. Always be cautious and take a few extra seconds to verify any link before clicking, especially in unsolicited messages or emails. Being vigilant and knowing what to look for can protect you from many online threats.